Engineering drawings: common features
Drawings convey the following critical information:
Geometry – the shape of the object; represented as views; how the object will look when it is viewed from various standard directions, such as front, top, side, etc.
Dimensions – the size of the object is captured in accepted units.
tolerances – the allowable variations for each dimension.
Material – represents what the item is made of.
Finish – specifies the surface quality of the item, functional or cosmetic. For example, a mass-marketed product usually requires a much higher surface quality than, say, a component that goes inside industrial machinery.
Line styles and types
Standard engineering drawing line types
A variety of line styles graphically represent physical objects. Types of lines include the following:
visible – are continuous lines used to depict edges directly visible from a particular angle.
hidden – are short-dashed lines that may be used to represent edges that are not directly visible.
center – are alternately long- and short-dashed lines that may be used to represent the axes of circular features.
cutting plane – are thin, medium-dashed lines, or thick alternately long- and double short-dashed that may be used to define sections for section views.
section – are thin lines in a pattern (pattern determined by the material being "cut" or "sectioned") used to indicate surfaces in section views resulting from "cutting." Section lines are commonly referred to as "cross-hatching."
Orthographic projection
The orthographic projection shows the object as it looks from the front, right, left, top, bottom, or back, and are typically positioned relative to each other according to the rules of either first-angle or third-angle projection.
First angle projection is the ISO standard and is primarily used in Europe. The 3D object is projected into 2D "paper" space as if you were looking at an X-ray of the object: the top view is under the front view, the right view is at the left of the front view.
Third angle projection is primarily used in the United States and Canada, where it is the default projection system according to BS 8888:2006, the left view is placed on the left and the top view on the top.
Not all views are necessarily used, and determination of what surface constitutes the front, back, top and bottom varies depending on the projection used.
Friday, February 26, 2010
Tuesday, February 23, 2010
Week 4
Monday February 22
Today we worked in google sketch on our roller coasters. We continued making the support beams and added a bump to the track. We also started creating beams for our roller coaster loop
Tuesday February 23
We continued the final part of the track that reconnected back up to the start of the track. We continued to copy and paste the beams so that they were aligned with specific spacing between them
Wednesday February 24
At the start of class today we started off by doing 6 short quizes and pasting them on our blog. Today we started to design the track. We used trial and error to specify how we wanted the track to look. We used many different cylinders but nothing seemed to work. We will figure out tomorow what we are going to do for our track
Thursday, February 25
Today I thought of a design for the track. I could not find a bend tool for the tubes so i instead will use the stretch tool and copy and paste and rotate tool to place the parts of track in the appropriate spots.
Friday, February 26
Today I continued placing the track on top of the support beams. I copy and pasted the previously used part of track and pasted it so that it would be attached to the peice behind it. I also grouped the peices together so i could rotate them and move them easier
Today we worked in google sketch on our roller coasters. We continued making the support beams and added a bump to the track. We also started creating beams for our roller coaster loop
Tuesday February 23
We continued the final part of the track that reconnected back up to the start of the track. We continued to copy and paste the beams so that they were aligned with specific spacing between them
Wednesday February 24
At the start of class today we started off by doing 6 short quizes and pasting them on our blog. Today we started to design the track. We used trial and error to specify how we wanted the track to look. We used many different cylinders but nothing seemed to work. We will figure out tomorow what we are going to do for our track
Thursday, February 25
Today I thought of a design for the track. I could not find a bend tool for the tubes so i instead will use the stretch tool and copy and paste and rotate tool to place the parts of track in the appropriate spots.
Friday, February 26
Today I continued placing the track on top of the support beams. I copy and pasted the previously used part of track and pasted it so that it would be attached to the peice behind it. I also grouped the peices together so i could rotate them and move them easier
Friday, February 19, 2010
Roller coaster Desinging elements and ideas
Requirements: The roller coaster must have an initial drop that is between 40 and 80 metres high. There also must be a loop in the roller coaster and an initial hill. The
Key Features: I will design the starting point where the roller coaster is launched from. I will then design a hill ascending upward out of the launch pad. At the top of this hill a slight turn will be created to prepare the suspense for a fast drop on the roller coaster. The roller coaster drop will take quickly and followed by a suden loop in the track.
Key thoughts: I will use blocks and cylinders to design most of my roller coaster. I will also use many small lines to find midpoints of where support beems should be placed. Lastly i will use a 3- cylinder design to create the track of the roller coaster
Key Features: I will design the starting point where the roller coaster is launched from. I will then design a hill ascending upward out of the launch pad. At the top of this hill a slight turn will be created to prepare the suspense for a fast drop on the roller coaster. The roller coaster drop will take quickly and followed by a suden loop in the track.
Key thoughts: I will use blocks and cylinders to design most of my roller coaster. I will also use many small lines to find midpoints of where support beems should be placed. Lastly i will use a 3- cylinder design to create the track of the roller coaster
Thursday, February 18, 2010
Wednesday, February 17, 2010
Tuesday, February 16, 2010
Artistic Drawing / Perspective
http://www.technologystudent.com/
Single Point Perspective
Perspective drawing is a good style to use when drawing in 3D. There are different styles including single point and two point perspective. The basic example below shows how to construct a simple single point perspective drawing of a cube. Using the same skills more complex drawings/designs can be drawn, after a little practice.
http://www.technologystudent.com/designpro/perspec1.htm
Two Point Perspective
Perspective is a realistic way of drawing objects in 3D. We have already looked at single point perspective, two point perspective using two vanishing points and when an object is drawn in this way it is even more realistic than if it were to be drawn with a single vanishing point.
http://www.technologystudent.com/designpro/twopers1.htm
Oblique
Oblique projection is a method of drawing objects in 3 dimensions. It is quite a simple technique compared to isometric or even perspective drawing. However, to draw accurately in oblique projection traditional drawing equipment is needed
The technique for drawing a cube in oblique projection is outlined below, stage by stage. To draw it correctly in oblique projection three main rules must be followed:1. Draw the front or side view of the object.2. All measurements drawn backwards are half the original measurement.3. 45 degrees is the angle for all lines drawn backwards.
A. Draw the front view. Remember to use a T-square and 45 degree set square.
http://www.technologystudent.com/despro2/obli1.htm
Isometric
Isometric drawing is way of presenting designs/drawings in three dimensions. The example below has been drawn with a 30 degree set square. Designs are always drawn at 30 degrees in isometric projection. It is vital that drawing equipment such as T-squares and 30/60 degree set squares are used carefully. The drawing paper should be clip securely to a drawing board.
http://www.technologystudent.com/despro_flsh/isomty2.html
Single Point Perspective
Perspective drawing is a good style to use when drawing in 3D. There are different styles including single point and two point perspective. The basic example below shows how to construct a simple single point perspective drawing of a cube. Using the same skills more complex drawings/designs can be drawn, after a little practice.
http://www.technologystudent.com/designpro/perspec1.htm
Two Point Perspective
Perspective is a realistic way of drawing objects in 3D. We have already looked at single point perspective, two point perspective using two vanishing points and when an object is drawn in this way it is even more realistic than if it were to be drawn with a single vanishing point.
http://www.technologystudent.com/designpro/twopers1.htm
Oblique
Oblique projection is a method of drawing objects in 3 dimensions. It is quite a simple technique compared to isometric or even perspective drawing. However, to draw accurately in oblique projection traditional drawing equipment is needed
The technique for drawing a cube in oblique projection is outlined below, stage by stage. To draw it correctly in oblique projection three main rules must be followed:1. Draw the front or side view of the object.2. All measurements drawn backwards are half the original measurement.3. 45 degrees is the angle for all lines drawn backwards.
A. Draw the front view. Remember to use a T-square and 45 degree set square.
http://www.technologystudent.com/despro2/obli1.htm
Isometric
Isometric drawing is way of presenting designs/drawings in three dimensions. The example below has been drawn with a 30 degree set square. Designs are always drawn at 30 degrees in isometric projection. It is vital that drawing equipment such as T-squares and 30/60 degree set squares are used carefully. The drawing paper should be clip securely to a drawing board.
http://www.technologystudent.com/despro_flsh/isomty2.html
Week 3 - February 16-19
Tuesday February 16th
We continued to work in google sketch on our cars. We outlined the dimensions of our car so they could be used to create the 3d car. We also learned about artistic and perspective drawing.
Wednesday February 17th
We did the WHMIS test and worked on our car. We finished our outlining and began to use the push/pull tool to make our car 3d. We then started to rotate the peices of the car so that they could create a 3d looking vehicle
Thursday, February 18th
Today we began to work on our roller coasters. I used squares for the base cement blocks and cylinder tubes coming out of them as support beams. I started to make the cylinder tubes rise for the upcomming drop.
Friday, February 19th
We continued to work in google sketch on our cars. We outlined the dimensions of our car so they could be used to create the 3d car. We also learned about artistic and perspective drawing.
Wednesday February 17th
We did the WHMIS test and worked on our car. We finished our outlining and began to use the push/pull tool to make our car 3d. We then started to rotate the peices of the car so that they could create a 3d looking vehicle
Thursday, February 18th
Today we began to work on our roller coasters. I used squares for the base cement blocks and cylinder tubes coming out of them as support beams. I started to make the cylinder tubes rise for the upcomming drop.
Friday, February 19th
Thursday, February 11, 2010
Tuesday, February 9, 2010
Monday, February 8, 2010
CAD week 2
Monday February 8th, 2010
Today in class we learned about the metric system and imperial system. We learned how to convert from one system to another as well as converting measurements to a smaller or larger measurement. Ex1 = Inches - Centimetres. Ex2 = Feet - Metres
Tuesday February 9th, 2010
Today in class we learned about designing a mechanical drawing. We continued to use offset and trim to design objects with a front, side, and top view. We also used dimensions and hidden lines to identify lines that are not visible on the current object but are seen on other views of the object. Dimensions were used to identify the exact measurement of each side
Wednesday February 10th, 2010
We finished our drawing by using dimensions to measure the sides of the shape. We changed the line density, colour, and arrows in order to show the drawing properly. We also learned about how to plot it on proper model paper, allowing it to look more professional
Thursday February 11, 2010
Today watched a tutorial on how to use google sketch. We learned how to model 3d objects and how to create a dog house. We then found blue prints for a car on the-blueprints.com and imported them into google sketch.
Friday February 12, 2010
Today we began to work on tracing our cars in google sketch. I choose to do a honda hatchback. I traced all sides of the vehicle that was imported. We then made a transparent later so that the details of the car could still be seen for future detailing.
Today in class we learned about the metric system and imperial system. We learned how to convert from one system to another as well as converting measurements to a smaller or larger measurement. Ex1 = Inches - Centimetres. Ex2 = Feet - Metres
Tuesday February 9th, 2010
Today in class we learned about designing a mechanical drawing. We continued to use offset and trim to design objects with a front, side, and top view. We also used dimensions and hidden lines to identify lines that are not visible on the current object but are seen on other views of the object. Dimensions were used to identify the exact measurement of each side
Wednesday February 10th, 2010
We finished our drawing by using dimensions to measure the sides of the shape. We changed the line density, colour, and arrows in order to show the drawing properly. We also learned about how to plot it on proper model paper, allowing it to look more professional
Thursday February 11, 2010
Today watched a tutorial on how to use google sketch. We learned how to model 3d objects and how to create a dog house. We then found blue prints for a car on the-blueprints.com and imported them into google sketch.
Friday February 12, 2010
Today we began to work on tracing our cars in google sketch. I choose to do a honda hatchback. I traced all sides of the vehicle that was imported. We then made a transparent later so that the details of the car could still be seen for future detailing.
Project 5 - Measurements
Monday, February 8th, 2010
Applying the Metric and Imperial Systems of Measurement
Systems of measurement are used to measure the length, volume, mass or temperature of an object.
The Metric System
Canada and most other countries of the world use the metric system of measurement.
Using the metric system, fill in the main unit of measure for each category:
Length - Meters Volume - Litres Mass Grams Temp. Celcius
Some of the commonly used units and conversions in the metric system are as follows:
Length Volume Mass
10 mm = 1 cm 1000 mL = 1 L 1000 g = 1 kg
100 cm = 1 m 1000 kg = 1 t
1000 m = 1 km
1. If a wall is measured to be 450 cm long, what is the measurement in metres (m)?
The measurement of the wall in metres is 4.5m.
2. If a container has a volume of 2.6 L, what is the volume in millilitres (mL) ?
The volume of the container in Millilitres is 2600
3. Consider the following examples of objects that could be measured. Match the examples with the most appropriate unit of measurement by drawing lines between them.
Column A Column B
Volume of a cooler 170 cm
Mass of an average person 22º C
Temperature inside a room 10 mm
Thickness of a magazine 75 Kg
Height of an average person 20 L
Distance around a running track 400 m
Applying the Metric and Imperial Systems of Measurement
The Imperial System
Some other countries, particularly the United States, use a different system of measurement called the imperial system. Although it is not recognized as Canada’s main system of measurement, why is it still important for us to be able to understand and work with the imperial system?
It is important to understand the Imperial system so that we may be able to know how to convert a unit of measure into the Metric system (Canada’s Measurement system). If we do learn the imperial system we are not able to make conversions and understand measurements that are used in other countries.
In the case of the imperial system, fill in at least one example of a unit of measure for each category:
Length -Miles Volume - Gallons Mass – Pounds Temperature – Fahrenheit
Some of the commonly used units and conversions in the imperial system are as follows:
Length Volume Mass
12 inches = 1 foot 16 fluid ounces = 1 pint 16 ounces = 1 pound
3 feet = 1 yard 2 pints = 1 quart 2000 pounds = 1 ton (US)
1760 yards = 1 mile 8 pints = 1 gallon
4. If a wall is measured to be 144 inches long, what is the measurement in feet?
The measurement in feet is 12 feet.
5. If a container has a volume of 6 quarts, what is the volume in pints?
The volume in pints is 12 Pints.
6. Consider the following examples of objects that could be measured. Match the examples with the most appropriate unit of measurement by drawing lines between them.
Column A Column B
Volume of a cooler ½ in. (inches)
Mass of an average person 5’10” (5 feet, 10 inches)
Temperature inside a room 5 gal (gallons)
Thickness of a magazine 175 lb. (pounds)
Height of an average person 200 yd. (yards)
Distance around a running track 72º F
Converting between the Metric and Imperial Systems
The following are approximate conversions between commonly used metric and imperial measurements:
Length Volume Mass
30.48 cm = 1 foot 29.574 mL = 1 fluid ounce 28.35 g = 1 ounce
2.54 cm = 1 inch 0.473 L = 1 pint 0.454 kg = 1 pound
1.6 km = 1 mile 3.785 L = 1 gallon 0.907 t = 1 ton (US)
1m = 3.28 feet
Temperature: Farenheit to Celcius { }
Celcius to Farehneit { }
7. If a wall is measured to be 14 feet long, what is the measurement in cm?
A 14 foot long wall in cm is 426.72 cm.
8. If a container has a volume of 4 L, what is the volume in gallons?
A 4 L container in gallons is 1.0566882094325935 Gallons
Conversions
1. Convert the following metric measures:
a) 2400 m = 2.4k km
b) 34 cm = 340 mm
c) 5 L = 5000 mL
d) 3200 g = 3.2 kg
2. Convert the following imperial measures:
a) 4 pounds = 64 ounces
b) 6.5 quarts = 13 pints
c) 42 inches = 3.5 feet
d) 3 miles = 5280 yards
3. Convert the following metric and imperial measures:
a) 36 inches = 91.44cm
b) 40 km = 24.9 miles
c) 10 gallon = 37.854L
d) 140 g = 4.94 ounce
4. Estimate the following measures using an appropriate unit of measure:
a) the length of your foot – inches
b) the volume of a carton of milk – litres
c) the height of the classroom - feet
d) the width of your thumbnail - millimetres
5. Jesse needs to order flooring for his room. He measured the dimensions of the room to be 300 cm by 375 cm. However, the flooring company needs to know these dimensions in feet. Find the dimensions of the room in feet.
The dimensions of the room in feet are 10 feet by 12.5 feet
6. A square room has area 49m2. What is the area in square feet?
The area in square feet is 527.2 Square feet
7. **A cube has volume 1000 cubic feet. What is the volume in cubic metres? If one cubic cm is equal to one mL, what is the volume of this cube in litres?
The volume of the cube in cubic metres is 28.3 cubic metres. The volume of this cube in litres is 28300 cubic litres.
Answers:
1. a) 2.4 km b) 340 mm c) 5000 mL d) 3.2 kg
2. a) 64 ounces b) 13 pints c) 3.5 feet d) 5280 yards
3. a) 91.44 cm b) 24.9 miles c) 37.85 L d) 4.94 ounces
4. a) 20 cm (will vary) b) 1 L (will vary) c) 10 feet (will vary) d) 15 mm (will vary)
5. 10 feet by 12.5 feet
6. 527.2 square feet
7. 28.3 cubic metres, 28,300 L
Applying the Metric and Imperial Systems of Measurement
Systems of measurement are used to measure the length, volume, mass or temperature of an object.
The Metric System
Canada and most other countries of the world use the metric system of measurement.
Using the metric system, fill in the main unit of measure for each category:
Length - Meters Volume - Litres Mass Grams Temp. Celcius
Some of the commonly used units and conversions in the metric system are as follows:
Length Volume Mass
10 mm = 1 cm 1000 mL = 1 L 1000 g = 1 kg
100 cm = 1 m 1000 kg = 1 t
1000 m = 1 km
1. If a wall is measured to be 450 cm long, what is the measurement in metres (m)?
The measurement of the wall in metres is 4.5m.
2. If a container has a volume of 2.6 L, what is the volume in millilitres (mL) ?
The volume of the container in Millilitres is 2600
3. Consider the following examples of objects that could be measured. Match the examples with the most appropriate unit of measurement by drawing lines between them.
Column A Column B
Volume of a cooler 170 cm
Mass of an average person 22º C
Temperature inside a room 10 mm
Thickness of a magazine 75 Kg
Height of an average person 20 L
Distance around a running track 400 m
Applying the Metric and Imperial Systems of Measurement
The Imperial System
Some other countries, particularly the United States, use a different system of measurement called the imperial system. Although it is not recognized as Canada’s main system of measurement, why is it still important for us to be able to understand and work with the imperial system?
It is important to understand the Imperial system so that we may be able to know how to convert a unit of measure into the Metric system (Canada’s Measurement system). If we do learn the imperial system we are not able to make conversions and understand measurements that are used in other countries.
In the case of the imperial system, fill in at least one example of a unit of measure for each category:
Length -Miles Volume - Gallons Mass – Pounds Temperature – Fahrenheit
Some of the commonly used units and conversions in the imperial system are as follows:
Length Volume Mass
12 inches = 1 foot 16 fluid ounces = 1 pint 16 ounces = 1 pound
3 feet = 1 yard 2 pints = 1 quart 2000 pounds = 1 ton (US)
1760 yards = 1 mile 8 pints = 1 gallon
4. If a wall is measured to be 144 inches long, what is the measurement in feet?
The measurement in feet is 12 feet.
5. If a container has a volume of 6 quarts, what is the volume in pints?
The volume in pints is 12 Pints.
6. Consider the following examples of objects that could be measured. Match the examples with the most appropriate unit of measurement by drawing lines between them.
Column A Column B
Volume of a cooler ½ in. (inches)
Mass of an average person 5’10” (5 feet, 10 inches)
Temperature inside a room 5 gal (gallons)
Thickness of a magazine 175 lb. (pounds)
Height of an average person 200 yd. (yards)
Distance around a running track 72º F
Converting between the Metric and Imperial Systems
The following are approximate conversions between commonly used metric and imperial measurements:
Length Volume Mass
30.48 cm = 1 foot 29.574 mL = 1 fluid ounce 28.35 g = 1 ounce
2.54 cm = 1 inch 0.473 L = 1 pint 0.454 kg = 1 pound
1.6 km = 1 mile 3.785 L = 1 gallon 0.907 t = 1 ton (US)
1m = 3.28 feet
Temperature: Farenheit to Celcius { }
Celcius to Farehneit { }
7. If a wall is measured to be 14 feet long, what is the measurement in cm?
A 14 foot long wall in cm is 426.72 cm.
8. If a container has a volume of 4 L, what is the volume in gallons?
A 4 L container in gallons is 1.0566882094325935 Gallons
Conversions
1. Convert the following metric measures:
a) 2400 m = 2.4k km
b) 34 cm = 340 mm
c) 5 L = 5000 mL
d) 3200 g = 3.2 kg
2. Convert the following imperial measures:
a) 4 pounds = 64 ounces
b) 6.5 quarts = 13 pints
c) 42 inches = 3.5 feet
d) 3 miles = 5280 yards
3. Convert the following metric and imperial measures:
a) 36 inches = 91.44cm
b) 40 km = 24.9 miles
c) 10 gallon = 37.854L
d) 140 g = 4.94 ounce
4. Estimate the following measures using an appropriate unit of measure:
a) the length of your foot – inches
b) the volume of a carton of milk – litres
c) the height of the classroom - feet
d) the width of your thumbnail - millimetres
5. Jesse needs to order flooring for his room. He measured the dimensions of the room to be 300 cm by 375 cm. However, the flooring company needs to know these dimensions in feet. Find the dimensions of the room in feet.
The dimensions of the room in feet are 10 feet by 12.5 feet
6. A square room has area 49m2. What is the area in square feet?
The area in square feet is 527.2 Square feet
7. **A cube has volume 1000 cubic feet. What is the volume in cubic metres? If one cubic cm is equal to one mL, what is the volume of this cube in litres?
The volume of the cube in cubic metres is 28.3 cubic metres. The volume of this cube in litres is 28300 cubic litres.
Answers:
1. a) 2.4 km b) 340 mm c) 5000 mL d) 3.2 kg
2. a) 64 ounces b) 13 pints c) 3.5 feet d) 5280 yards
3. a) 91.44 cm b) 24.9 miles c) 37.85 L d) 4.94 ounces
4. a) 20 cm (will vary) b) 1 L (will vary) c) 10 feet (will vary) d) 15 mm (will vary)
5. 10 feet by 12.5 feet
6. 527.2 square feet
7. 28.3 cubic metres, 28,300 L
Thursday, February 4, 2010
Tuesday, February 2, 2010
CAD week 1
Tuesday, February 02, 2010
We began to discover about the purpose of CAD and learned the basic drawing tools for CAD
Basic Drawing Equipment 1-3
BASIC DRAWING / OFFICE EQUIPMENT - 1
Drawing Pencils - are a basic requirement of any graphics course. You need a number ranging from 2B to 2H.
A refillable pencil - a very useful especially if you are constructing a drawing that needs a constant thickness of line
Ink fountain - pens that can be used for producing ‘fancy’ styles of writing.
A protractor- is used to measure angles.
A compass - this is used for drawing small circles very accurately
BASIC DRAWING / OFFICE EQUIPMENT - 2
A fine pen - (colour - normally black) is used to draw permanent, accurate lines
T-Squares - are use to draw horizontal lines. They are especially useful when constructing accurate orthographic drawings or architectural drawings
Set Squares - are used to draw accurate angles
Board clips - are used to hold the drawing paper in position when drawing, sketching or attempting basic graphics work the equipment shown below is very useful and sometimes essential.
A fine pen - (colour - normally black) is used to draw permanent, accurate lines. Fine pens are available with various thicknesses of 'tips'. They are especially useful for printing and placing notes alongside designs and sketches. They are also used for producing the final outline of a design. Fine pens are relatively cheap and come in a range of colours.
T-Squares - are use to draw horizontal lines. They are especially useful when constructing accurate orthographic drawings or architectural drawings. A T-Square is normally used with a drawing board, set squares and clips. It must be pushed firmly against the edge of the drawing board when it is being used.
Set Squares - are used to draw accurate angles. The most common are 45 and 60/30 degrees. When using set squares they should always used along with a T-Square. The Set-square rest on the straight edge of the T-Square and this ensures when the angle is drawn that it is accurate.
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Board clips - are used to hold the drawing paper in position. They simply clip on to the board holding the paper firmly against the drawing board
A ruler - is possibly one of the most important pieces of drawing equipment. Rulers should only to used to measure distances with lines being drawn with T-Squares and Set Squares.
BASIC DRAWING / OFFICE EQUIPMENT - 3
Circle templates - are very useful. They are plastic with a number of accurate circles cut out. They are used to draw circles of set diameters/sizes and are particularly useful if the circle is small.
A craft knife - is used to cut out card shapes It is important that a steel ruler is used as the sharp blade of the craft knife is less likely to slip
A scissors - is used for general cutting and shaping of paper and card.
Pencil sharpeners - are essential for sharpening pencils.
A craft knife - can also be used to sharpen pencils.
EXPLODED VIEWS - 1
Exploded views are often a good way of showing detail. The drawings below show two types of similar pens. One is a fine line felt pen used for drawing precise, fine lines. The other is a fountain pen and it is used to write letters etc.... Both pens have been drawn as ‘exploded views/drawings’. In an exploded drawing the pens are drawn with all their parts disassembled (taken apart). It is important to recognise that all the parts are in line with each other, drawn usually along a centre line which is drawn through the centre of the design. \
INTRODUCTION TO THIRD ANGLE ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWING
Orthographic drawing is a way of drawing a three dimensional object. Normally the object is drawn as three separate, related views - Front View, Side View and Plan View. The example below shows a simple shaped block, with a hole drilled all the way through. The front view, is a drawing of the block, as if you are looking directly at the front of the object.The side view, is a drawing of the block, when it has been rotated so that one of its sides is now directly in view.The plan view, is a ‘birds eye’ view, from above.
http://www.technologystudent.com/designpro/drawdex.htm
Wednesday February 03.2010
Absolute- (2,1) (4,1) (4,4) (2,4) (2,1)
Relative - (2,1) @2,0 @0,3 @ -2,0 @0,-3
Polar - 2,1 @ 2,<0 @3<90 @2<180 @3<270
Thursday, February 4th, 2010
Continued to learn about CAD and graphing simple objects. We also learned about creating a grid size appropriate to the shape being created. A texas star was created to demonstrate our knowledge so far on CAD
Friday, February 5th, 2010
We learned about trim and Offset. Offset allowed us to duplicate a line so that it would become parallel and at a set distance from the original line. Trim allowed us to delete lines that were not being used by selecting two lines, and clicking on the lines in between these lines that are needed to be deleted
We began to discover about the purpose of CAD and learned the basic drawing tools for CAD
Basic Drawing Equipment 1-3
BASIC DRAWING / OFFICE EQUIPMENT - 1
Drawing Pencils - are a basic requirement of any graphics course. You need a number ranging from 2B to 2H.
A refillable pencil - a very useful especially if you are constructing a drawing that needs a constant thickness of line
Ink fountain - pens that can be used for producing ‘fancy’ styles of writing.
A protractor- is used to measure angles.
A compass - this is used for drawing small circles very accurately
BASIC DRAWING / OFFICE EQUIPMENT - 2
A fine pen - (colour - normally black) is used to draw permanent, accurate lines
T-Squares - are use to draw horizontal lines. They are especially useful when constructing accurate orthographic drawings or architectural drawings
Set Squares - are used to draw accurate angles
Board clips - are used to hold the drawing paper in position when drawing, sketching or attempting basic graphics work the equipment shown below is very useful and sometimes essential.
A fine pen - (colour - normally black) is used to draw permanent, accurate lines. Fine pens are available with various thicknesses of 'tips'. They are especially useful for printing and placing notes alongside designs and sketches. They are also used for producing the final outline of a design. Fine pens are relatively cheap and come in a range of colours.
T-Squares - are use to draw horizontal lines. They are especially useful when constructing accurate orthographic drawings or architectural drawings. A T-Square is normally used with a drawing board, set squares and clips. It must be pushed firmly against the edge of the drawing board when it is being used.
Set Squares - are used to draw accurate angles. The most common are 45 and 60/30 degrees. When using set squares they should always used along with a T-Square. The Set-square rest on the straight edge of the T-Square and this ensures when the angle is drawn that it is accurate.
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Board clips - are used to hold the drawing paper in position. They simply clip on to the board holding the paper firmly against the drawing board
A ruler - is possibly one of the most important pieces of drawing equipment. Rulers should only to used to measure distances with lines being drawn with T-Squares and Set Squares.
BASIC DRAWING / OFFICE EQUIPMENT - 3
Circle templates - are very useful. They are plastic with a number of accurate circles cut out. They are used to draw circles of set diameters/sizes and are particularly useful if the circle is small.
A craft knife - is used to cut out card shapes It is important that a steel ruler is used as the sharp blade of the craft knife is less likely to slip
A scissors - is used for general cutting and shaping of paper and card.
Pencil sharpeners - are essential for sharpening pencils.
A craft knife - can also be used to sharpen pencils.
EXPLODED VIEWS - 1
Exploded views are often a good way of showing detail. The drawings below show two types of similar pens. One is a fine line felt pen used for drawing precise, fine lines. The other is a fountain pen and it is used to write letters etc.... Both pens have been drawn as ‘exploded views/drawings’. In an exploded drawing the pens are drawn with all their parts disassembled (taken apart). It is important to recognise that all the parts are in line with each other, drawn usually along a centre line which is drawn through the centre of the design. \
INTRODUCTION TO THIRD ANGLE ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWING
Orthographic drawing is a way of drawing a three dimensional object. Normally the object is drawn as three separate, related views - Front View, Side View and Plan View. The example below shows a simple shaped block, with a hole drilled all the way through. The front view, is a drawing of the block, as if you are looking directly at the front of the object.The side view, is a drawing of the block, when it has been rotated so that one of its sides is now directly in view.The plan view, is a ‘birds eye’ view, from above.
http://www.technologystudent.com/designpro/drawdex.htm
Wednesday February 03.2010
Absolute- (2,1) (4,1) (4,4) (2,4) (2,1)
Relative - (2,1) @2,0 @0,3 @ -2,0 @0,-3
Polar - 2,1 @ 2,<0 @3<90 @2<180 @3<270
Thursday, February 4th, 2010
Continued to learn about CAD and graphing simple objects. We also learned about creating a grid size appropriate to the shape being created. A texas star was created to demonstrate our knowledge so far on CAD
Friday, February 5th, 2010
We learned about trim and Offset. Offset allowed us to duplicate a line so that it would become parallel and at a set distance from the original line. Trim allowed us to delete lines that were not being used by selecting two lines, and clicking on the lines in between these lines that are needed to be deleted
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